PGY1 Ophthalmology Ace Mastery Guide

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1. Your first eye consult: the eight-point exam, WHO cataract grading, and the phone call

The eight-point exam in order and why that order, what each finding tells you, the WHO cataract grades (nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular), and how to present a consult in twenty seconds. Questions built in.

2. The five can't-miss eyes: Lose, Red, Hit, Burn, Droop

Five emergency pictures and the first move for each: sudden vision loss, the dangerous red eye, trauma, chemical burn, and the drooping lid with a big pupil. Questions built in.

3. The red eye ladder: sort a red eye in sixty seconds

Five rungs (Surface, White, Window, Iris, Pressure) and four checks (Vision, Light, Ring, Stain) to find the cause of a red eye, with the steroid-drop rule. Questions built in.

4. The eye drop cabinet: what to reach for, and what to never hand out

Cap colors, dilators, steroids, antibiotics, pressure drops and numbing drops, with the cautions that decide which one you can give.

5. Pink eye, treated: conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and the harmless red patch

Itch, Discharge, Node: how to pick the treatment for allergic, viral, bacterial and gonococcal conjunctivitis, plus blepharitis and subconjunctival hemorrhage.

6. Scratches and specks: abrasion, foreign body, UV burn, and the tetanus question

Flip, Stain, Seidel: corneal abrasion, foreign body removal, a positive Seidel, photokeratitis, recurrent erosion, and tetanus prophylaxis. Questions built in.

7. Week 2 reading: Fungal keratitis, MUTT 1 and MUTT 2 (Nat first, no pill)

Which drop first for a filamentous fungal ulcer, and does an oral voriconazole add-on help? What the two trials change at the bedside.

8. The infected cornea: bacterial, herpes, zoster, fungal, Acanthamoeba

Clue, Scrape, No steroid: how to tell the five infected corneas apart and when a scraping comes before the drops. Questions built in.

9. Iritis, episcleritis, scleritis: Cells, Blanch, Boring

How to sort three painful red eyes, what to give for iritis, and why scleritis needs more than a drop.

10. Week 3 reading: The language of uveitis, the SUN nomenclature

Where, When, How much, How active: the SUN anatomic classes, onset and course words, cell and flare grading, and activity terms.

11. Week 3 reading: Diabetic eye disease, stage, center, sugar (Protocols S and T)

The diabetic retinopathy stages, the 4-2-1 rule, and what Protocol S (PRP vs ranibizumab) and Protocol T (three anti-VEGF drugs) changed.

12. Week 4 reading: Ocular hypertension, confirm the visual field (OHTS)

Why most abnormal visual fields in OHTS did not repeat, the artifacts that fake a defect, and the confirm-then-call rule.

13. Week 4 reading: The optic nerve trials, ONTT and IIHTT

Optic neuritis: pulse and scan. Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: pill and weight. What each trial changed.

14. EIC prep: Stop and Chop day (Chop, Catch, Backup, Cornea)

One map for the 10/23 half day: stop and chop steps, the torn capsule, the backup lens plan, and the refractive surgery numbers and complications. Questions built in.